Abstract
Potential mobility that meets the requirements of population displacement is determined following the biological and social needs, socio-economic characteristics, production necessity, and cultural needs. Because of the multifactor character and complexity of relationships, it is impossible to determine the potential mobility by a calculation method. The feasibility of different target movements, depending on their distance, is regarded by rural populations differently. Each rural settlement is located among many other rural and urban settlements with an individual quantitative and qualitative set of social, cultural, and industrial potential. With the developed road network and public transport system, the population selects the center of gravity with the limitations imposed by this transport system and is based on subjective considerations about the quality of service. The distribution of urban residents’ movements to the rural areas is affected by the size of the city, movement distance, movement purpose, i.e. the same factors as rural residents’ movement to cities. The difference is that the radius of urban residents’ movements distribution is much smaller. Thus, the zone of intensive and regular movements in the working day cycle covers only nearest to cities rural area with a radius of 15 km. On weekends, due to guest visits and holiday trips, the radius of this zone extends approximately 1,5-2 times. Based on the links distribution, the scatter band of the initial and final points of movement can be obtained. Since the density of scattering varies with respect to settlements, then we can allocate the territorial units that will make service zone on their sets. Research results can be an integral part of comprehensive studies of determining the transport links density, hubs of passenger flows’ origin, and suppression to construct mathematical models of the most efficient passenger transport system operation.
Highlights
The problem of the efficient functioning of passenger road transport is an important part of a comprehensive social development program
The authors [3, 16, 18] proposed a method for determining patterns of settlement in the region around the centre of gravity and performed the construction of a regular model for the function of population density, depending on the distance relative to the centre of gravity, which in turn allows us to set quantitative indices of transport mobility of the population in the region based on patterns of spatial self-organization of the population
With a clear identification of the center of gravity, as an administrative-territorial unit, which is decisive in the passenger flows generation from the surrounding territories and settlements, which are very different in size, area, size of the zone of mutual influence; construction of a regular model of resettlement allows to assess the potential of transport services at a designated area
Summary
The problem of the efficient functioning of passenger road transport is an important part of a comprehensive social development program. Comprehensive studies of the patterns of formation of the transport services market are based on studies of processes of resettlement and spatial self-organization of the population, determination of the density of transport links, nodes of origin and elimination of passenger flows. Determination based on transport work for any period allows designing, planning, and choosing a rational relationship between settlement and transport infrastructure, calculating the required number and type of rolling stock, making the rational route network, and optimally distributing the rolling stock on the network. The EU Transport Council [1, 2] define a sustainable systems as: allowed basic access and development needs of society to be met safely; balancing in human and ecosystem health; equity promotion within and between successive generations; fair and efficient choice of transport mode, support of competitive economy, considering balanced regional development
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