Forecasting the levels of trace elements and heavy metals content in soils of different genesis for the assessment of their environmental and productional functions

Abstract

Grounded the method for predicting of trace elements (TE) and heavy metals (HM) content in the soil system of different genesis were examined on the example of soils in different natural-climatic zones of Ukraine, contaminated soils in Kharkiv, Donetsk and Lugansk regions, and intensive fertilizer (organo-mineral, organic and mineral system of fertilizers) of soils in Kiev, Kharkiv, Poltava and Lviv region. In the developed methodical approach by using the parameters indicators of the energy state of the soil (calorific value of humus, the reserves of energy in the soil layer of 0–20 cm) using mathematical models and the spread of the algorithm of the method on other soil types of a particular natural-climatic zone in the conditions of technogenic pollution and technological load is predicted the TE and/or HM content in soils of different types, which ensures the rapidity of the assessment and improve the accuracy of the trace element status prediction, energy and humus state of soils of different genesis with the identification of soils ecological differences to predict their quality by assessment of ecological functions for the ranking of energy intensity indicators of the soil. Scientific elaboration of a method for predicting levels of chemical elements in soils of different types on the natural environment, the effects of man-made pollution and technological load, should be used in the environmental regulation of the TE content and normalization of loads (technogenic, technological) on the soil system, agroecology on issues of organic farming, bioenergy and energy of soil formation; diagnosis, estimation, prediction of humus quality and the of TE status and the danger of excessive accumulation of HM in the soil for indicators of the energy state; the effective environmental management of soils as in natural conditions, and the influence of various anthropogenic factors, taking into account their ecological functions; in research practice – for system research of natural components of the biosphere, the assessment of carbon sequestration in soils and assess of their quality. Distinctive features and advantages of the proposed elaboration in comparison with known methods and approaches are: greater predictability of energy and trace element status, humus and ecological state of the soil as a whole to prevent the degradation of soil organic matter and reduction of risks of influence of HM technogenic pollution; rapidity of obtaining and improving the accuracy of the predictions of the HM and TE content in the soil; universality way to suitability of the method for all soil types in different climatic zones; stimulating further research in the field of energy of soil formation and solution of practical tasks of conservation and restoration of soils functions, identification optimal energy cost and taking into account the ecological functions of soil certain type.