Forecasting of Primary Air Pollutions: Emission Inventory Sample from Turkey

Abstract

This study presents an air pollutant emission inventory of primary pollutants for Kayseri, Turkey. Kayseri is one of the largest cities in Turkey which went through industrialization in recent decades together with rapid population growth. Air pollution from residential, industrial, and transportation sources have been a major problem for Kayseri during this period. In this study, emissions of four primary pollutants, namely, particulate matter (PM), sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and carbon monoxide (CO) were estimate. The sources of air pollutants in Kayseri were classified as point, area, and line sources. The emissions from point and area sources (i.e., industrial and residential areas) were estimated by using the information on types and amounts of fuels used. The emissions from line sources (i.e., transportation) were estimated by using the vehicle count data on major roads. The appropriate emission factors were obtained from the Unites State Environmental Protection Agency or European Environment Agency. The results showed that the annual emission rates for PM, SO2, NOX and CO were 2929 tons,5082 tons, 6791 tons and 37094 tons, respectively. Area sources are responsible for 86%, 94%, and 75% of total PM, SO2, and CO emissions, respectively. Point sources provide about 56% of total NOX emissions. In order to improve the air quality of our cities, it is envisaged that control measures should be taken especially for reducing the residential emissions caused by heating and the determination of national emission calculation factors in order to achieve more reliable results.