Forecast Municipal Solid Waste Generation in Sri Lanka

Abstract

Municipal Solid Waste Management (MSWM) is one of the primary tasks of metropolitan local authorities in developing countries. For efficient and effective waste management schemes and scheduling, accurate forecast of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) generation is essential, due to the uncertainties and unavailability of sufficient MSW generation information and resources in developing countries. The objectives of this paper are to identify influential variables that affect the amount of MSW generation and to predict the future MSW in Sri Lanka by consuming linear, nonlinear models, and machine learning techniques and propose a model for forecast future MSW generation using influential variables. Socio-economic data and waste generation data are collected from the Department of Census and Statistics and the National Solid Waste Management Support Center. Data preparation is done with substitute missing values by average values. Pearson correlation and Principal Component Analysis is used to finding correlation among influential variables. Linear model, Non-linear model, and machine learning model are used to forecast municipal solid waste generation in Sri Lanka. Relatively Linear regression analysis, artificial neural network (ANN), and Random forest used as a linear model, Non-linear model, and machine learning model. Relatively Correlation coefficient of linear regression classification, random forest classification, and ANN are R2=0.6973, R2=0.9608, and R2=0.9923. Based on the correlation coefficient, ANN provides higher accurate results than linear regression and random forest models. Based on the analyzed result, proposed a model for forecast future MSW generation with four influential variables that are municipal solid waste generation, total population, GDP growth rate, and Crude birth rate.