Abstract
Film thickness (FT) and retention of zinc phosphate, polycarboxylate and ionomer cement as a function of powder-liquid (P/L) ratio were determined for both non-vented and vented crowns and using a standard ADA/ANSI test. The effect of P/L ratio on FT was more dependent on the composition of the brand than on the type of cement. FT values obtained from the specification test usually lay between those obtained from the vented crowns and from the non-vented crowns. Higher consistency (higher P/L ratio) of the mix increased the FT. The relationship between FT of P/L ratio and retention is complex and dependent on the type of cement, brand, and on the technique used. Venting of the prepared crown lowered the FT and usually tended to increase retention.
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