Abstract
Heat generation and accumulation during working schemes of the lithium-ion battery (LIB) are the critical safety issues in hybrid electric vehicles or electric vehicles. Appropriate battery thermal management is necessary for ensuring the safety and continuous power supply of rechargeable LIB modules. In this study, thirty cylinder 18650-type cells were fabricated a 6S5P battery module with a 2-mm spacing between cells to evaluate exothermic trajectories. The modules, equipped with a forced-air cooling system, were charged at 1 C-rate and discharged at 1, 1.5, and 2 C-rates for three cycles in each test; thermocouples were connected to the cells to track the variances in temperature and voltage. The efficiency of the developed forced-air cooling system was estimated to be 73.0% in case 1 with the 1 C discharge rate, and the temperature difference (TD) was less than 5.0 °C. The maximum temperature (Tmax) of this case was maintained below 45.0 °C showing uniform heat distribution. Moreover, extreme heat accumulation developed inside the module and damaged the adjacent LIBs during fast 2 C discharge test. Our TD testing showed that a forced-air cooling system in the LIB module provides effective heat dispersion under normal discharge conditions.
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