Forage Pearl Millet and Marigold as Rotation Crops for Biological Control of Root-Lesion Nematodes in Potato

Abstract

Risk of crop damage by root-lesion nematode [Pratylenchus penetrans Cobb] (RLN) can be minimized through rotation with suppressive crops or fumigation. Forage pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum L. ‘Canadian Forage Pearl Millet Hybrid 101’ (CFPM 101)] was ranked against a known suppressive host [marigold (Tagetes erecta L. ‘CrackerJack’)], a known supportive host [rye (Secale cereale L. ‘Danko’)], grain pearl millet [‘Canadian Grain Pearl Millet Hybrid 1’ (CGPMH-1)], and forage sorghum [Sorghum bicolor L. ‘Canadian Forage Sorghum Hybrid 17’ (CFSH-17)] during rotation-susceptible crop cycles with potato (Solanum tuberosum L. ‘Russet Norkotah’). In the two experiments (A and B), fewer soil RLN were found in CFPM 101 and marigold than in rye plots in both the rotation and potato crop years. Potato roots contained fewer RLN after marigold (445 and 193 g root−1 for Exp. A and B, respectively) than after rye (4063 and 4358 g root−1 for Exp. A and B, respectively), even postfumigation after rye (1223 and 972 g root−1 for Exp. A and B, respectively). Potato root RLN counts were less after CFPM 101 (1571 g root−1) than after rye (nonfumigated) in Exp. A. Potato yield correlated negatively with the soil RLN population. Total (Exp. B) and marketable (Exp. A) potato yields were greater following CFPM 101 or marigold than following the rye (nonfumigated) rotation and were equal to the rye-fumigated rotation with one exception (greater total yield after marigold than rye-fumigated in Exp. B.) Based on these two field experiments, we conclude that CFPM 101 controls RLN in the subsequent potato crop.