Abstract
ABSTRACT Purpose: to check the variables which interfere in the transition from the alternative way of feeding to the beginning of proper oral mode. Methods: 30 preterm newborns from a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) participated, with initial weight of 1,500 grams, interned between May and July 2018. The study of the medical records of babies was performed in relation to comorbidities such as length of stay, weight, gestational age, use of mechanical ventilation, as well as quantitative and correlational analysis of the data. Results: among the participants, 27 newborns began being fed in an orogastric manner and three, in a nasogastric way, and in some cases, artificial nipples were used. The average of gestational age coincided with the possibility of the proper via oral feeding. The longest time of transition was exactly with the newborns who had had clinical complications. Conclusion: the clinical complication interfered in the time and prevalence of the alternative way of feeding during the process of food transition which, associated with the use of artificial nipples, may have interfered in the early weaning and in the failure of exclusive breastfeeding.
Highlights
Feeding supplies all nutritional needs and promotes children’s proper growth, as well as contributes to psychosocial development, state of alertness, cognition, motor development, neurological maturation, and mother-child interaction[1]
This study was quantitative and correlational, whose population was constituted of pre-term newborn children, of both sexes, who were hospitalized in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) between May and July 2018
We found gestational age, weight, orotracheal intubation, use of CPAP, orogastric and nasogastric tube, and time of hospitalization, that could interfere in feeding transition
Summary
Feeding supplies all nutritional needs and promotes children’s proper growth, as well as contributes to psychosocial development, state of alertness, cognition, motor development, neurological maturation, and mother-child interaction[1]. Some newborn children are considered at risk due to prematurity and low weight, and they need an alternative way of feeding[2]. Studies show that deglutition is mature around the eleventh week of pregnancy, suction around the thirty-second week, breathing and deglutition around the thirty-fourth week of pregnancy[3]. During suction the mandible movements, like opening, protrusion, closing, and retrusion are done. The coordination of these movements together with breathing and deglutition prevent children from choking, and avoids bronchoaspiration[4]. When there is not synchrony of these oral movements, other alterations associated to deglutition are identified, such as food refusal, fatigue, cough, oral escape, nasal regurgitation, cyanosis, and lung problems during breastfeeding[5]
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