Abstract
Global food security is a major development challenge dictated by state stability, resilience to geopolitical and economic shocks and is linked to health security. Fragile and failed nation-states are at risk of extreme poverty and lead to war and conflict. Fragile states experience, corrupt financial regimes and are influenced by skewed global market systems and reduced equitable market access that decrease food and health security. This qualitative review describes the critical cross sections of food security, the influence of global market systems and state stability and institutions that form the nexus of global health security. We outline how the manipulation of free market systems and decreased state capacity not only decrease food and health security but also contribute to state fragility and failure. Improved public health policy mechanisms, decreased dependence on foreign financial structures and extractive mechanisms are crucial to improving food and health security at present, and to further increase state stability in the future.
Highlights
We propose that health security, human security, economic security and sustainable nation-state stability comprise the nexus of human development
Our review and analysis have found that public health within states is directly linked to that of state stability and food security
Food and health security is dictated by state stability, resilience to geopolitical, economic and health shocks
Summary
Improved food security is inherently linked to empowerment of state government and institutions to create equitable, sustainable and durable policies that decrease health disparities, foster economic sovereignty and improve food security. In this qualitative review, we hypothesize that state fragility and failure is directly linked to food insecurity and subsequent global health security. We examined a variety of factors associated with food security including food systems, state stability, nutritional access, market manipulation, the recent commoditization of food, financial products and risk, influence of food aid programs, food pricing policy, institutional capacity, environmental integrity and climate change. We offer simple policy recommendations to improve food security among failed and fragile states specific to nation-state institutional capacity and resuscitation
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