Food intake, appetite, gut hormones, and resting energy expenditure in resistance trained vs. sedentary older adults

Abstract

ObjectiveTo assess the effects of chronic resistance training (RT) on food intake, appetite, fasting gut hormones, and energy expenditure (EE) in 16 RT and 35 sedentary (Sed) older persons (62‐84 y).MethodsFree‐living energy intake and appetite sensations (hunger, fullness and desire to eat) were assessed on 3 days (2 weekdays, 1 weekend day) and fasting‐state resting EE, plasma glucose and gut hormones (Cholecystokinin, CCK; glucagon‐like peptide‐1, GLP‐1; insulin; ghrelin) were measured.ResultsMaximum strength was higher for RT (8.3 ± 0.3) vs. Sed [6.9 ± 0.2 kg/kg fat free mass (*, p<0.05); mean ± SE]. RT did not affect total energy (RT 2079 ± 79 vs. Sed 1995 ± 66 kcal/d), protein, carbohydrate and fat intakes. Hunger and desire to eat area under the curve (AUC) values were not different between groups. Fullness AUC was lower in RT (0.4 ± 0.2) vs. Sed (0.9 ± 0.3* AU·720 min). EE was not different between groups, and respiratory exchange ratio tended to be lower in the RT (0.87 ± 0.00) vs. Sed (0.89 ± 0.01, p=0.06). CCK was higher in RT (0.71 ± 0.38) vs. Sed (0.51 ± 0.05* ng/mL), and GLP‐1 was lower in RT (0.31 ± 0.32) vs. Sed (1.45 ± 0.19* ng/mL). RT did not affect glucose, insulin, and ghrelin.ConclusionsRT alters fasting concentrations of CCK and GLP‐1. However, despite the isolated differences in appetitive sensations and gut hormones, RT did not influence EI.Grant Funding SourceNIH R01 AG021911, Purdue Bilsland Fellowship