Abstract
Food and nutrition security has been neglected in the planning field for reasons of a lack of connection between food and planning and the perception that agricultural activities have no place in the modernizing world. However, considering increasing climate change impacts and implications on industrialized agriculture, there is a clear need to establish shorter, more sustainable agricultural production practices and food supply chains. Urban agriculture is proposed as a potential method of intervention for planners to support sustainable food production and supply chains. The paper utilized a multiple-case study design to analyze four best practice examples of urban agriculture in the Global South to uncover its potential to address food security associated risks and contribute to sustainable development objectives. The results delivered evidence of the potential to harness the multifunctionality of urban agriculture to not only improve the food security of the most at-risk populations, but to also address other urban risks such as unemployment, community decline and food deserts. The recommendations for this paper relate to establishing a food security department, mapping and encouraging more sustainable food supply chains, creating land uses and zonings specific to urban agriculture and to utilize its multifunctionality to address other urban risks.
Highlights
The 2020 State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World Report highlighted that the world is not on track to meet Sustainable Development Goal 2 to “end hunger, achieve food security and improve nutrition, and promote sustainable agriculture” [1] in 2030 [2].This is partly due to the fact that the number of people experiencing any form of food insecurity steadily increased from 1.63 billion to 2 billion people from 2014 to 2019 [2]
The only real influence planners can have on food security is in addressing the elements of the food supply chain, which relates to the sectors of land-use management, transportation planning, place-making, land, waste, basic infrastructure provision, economic development, public health and social justice [9,32]
This section will focus on the food supply chain and will start off with an analysis of the current status quo with regards to food systems planning, and the inherent risks associated with the global food supply chain
Summary
The 2020 State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World Report highlighted that the world is not on track to meet Sustainable Development Goal 2 to “end hunger, achieve food security and improve nutrition, and promote sustainable agriculture” [1] in 2030 [2]. These arguments highlight the need for more policy intervention in the Global South since it is within these contexts that the impacts of rapid urbanization [7], climate change [8], urbanized poverty [9], and food insecurity [2] are most severely felt.
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