Food and alcohol disturbance among US college students: a mixed methods scoping review

Abstract

Objective Conduct a scoping review of food and alcohol disturbance (FAD) in US college students to overview the literature within this population and identify research opportunities. Methods Studies (n = 39) were selected using systematic searches of databases and references. Search terms included: drunkorexia, “food and alcohol disturbance,” and “compensatory behavior” AND alcohol AND eating. Results Issues with methodological quality were noted. Most studies used quantitative methods and cross-sectional designs with small, biased samples. Terminologies, conceptualizations, and measures varied; however, 30% of studies neglected enhanced intoxication effects. Prevalence ranged from approximately 10–55%, with greater risk for women. Alcohol use and disordered eating were primary predictors. Personality, affective, and social factors are potential correlates. Alcohol-related consequences were higher for those with FAD. Conclusions While the literature is inconsistent and unclear, FAD appears to be common among college students and associated with negative consequences. Suggestions and considerations for future research are provided.