Abstract
Fomitiporia mediterranea M. Fisch. (Fmed) is a basidiomycete first described in 2002, and was considered up to then as part of Fomitiporia punctata (P. Karst) Murrill. This fungus can degrade lignocellulosic biomass, causing white rot and leaving bleached fibrous host residues. In Europe Fmed is considered the main grapevine wood rot (Esca) agent within the Esca disease complex, which includes some of the most economically important Grapevine Trunk Diseases (GTDs). This review summarises and evaluates published research on Fmed, on white rot elimination by curettage or management by treatments with specific products applied to diseased grapevines, and on the relationship between wood symptoms and Grapevine Leaf Stripe Disease (GLSD) in the Esca disease complex. Information is also reviewed on the fungus biology, mechanisms of pathogenicity, and their possible relationships with external foliar symptoms of the Esca disease complex. Information on Fmed control strategies is also reviewed.
Highlights
Grapevine Trunk Diseases (GTDs), mainly comprising Botryosphaeria dieback, Eutypiosis and the Esca disease complex, are widespread in vineyards (Mugnai et al, 1999; Bertsch et al, 2013; Bruez et al, 2013; Mondello et al, 2018a)
This review summarises and evaluates published research on Fmed, on white rot elimination by curettage or management by treatments with specific products applied to diseased grapevines, and on the relationship between wood symptoms and Grapevine Leaf Stripe Disease (GLSD) in the Esca disease complex
Compared to white rot presence, fruiting bodies of Fmed are very rarely found in vineyards, mostly on the uppermost parts of trunks, near pruning wounds, which are the main sites of infection (Cortesi et al, 2000; Fischer et al, 2005; Fischer, 2006; Fischer and GonzálezGarcía, 2015)
Summary
Fisch., the historical Esca agent: a comprehensive review on the main grapevine wood rot agent in Europe. This fungus can degrade lignocellulosic biomass, causing white rot and leaving bleached fibrous host residues. In Europe Fmed is considered the main grapevine wood rot (Esca) agent within the Esca disease complex, which includes some of the most economically important Grapevine Trunk Diseases (GTDs). This review summarises and evaluates published research on Fmed, on white rot elimination by curettage or management by treatments with specific products applied to diseased grapevines, and on the relationship between wood symptoms and Grapevine Leaf Stripe Disease (GLSD) in the Esca disease complex. Information is reviewed on the fungus biology, mechanisms of pathogenicity, and their possible relationships with external foliar symptoms of the Esca disease complex. Basidiomycete, white rot, wood symptoms, foliar symptoms
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