Follow-up requirements for thick cutaneous melanoma

Abstract

The primary aim of postoperative melanoma follow-up is the early detection and treatment of treatable recurrences which gives a survival advantage to these patients. The need for follow-up is universally accepted. However, there is ongoing controversy about the duration of follow-up and frequency of reviews. We present a retrospective review of 244 patients with localised thick (≥ 4.0 mm) cutaneous melanoma, who had completed a 10-year follow-up or had died from their melanoma within 10 years. For these criteria, this is the largest series of this type which has been reported to date. The incidence of treatable recurrences peaked in the first postoperative year at 40% and then rapidly decreased, levelling off after year 5 at 2.5% per annum. We believe that this high incidence of treatable recurrences reinforces the need for 10-year follow-up of these patients. We also recommend that the annual frequency of follow-up reviews in each year be based on that year's risk for getting a treatable recurrence. Following this principle, we provide an example of such a follow-up programme.