Abstract
The need for tuberculosis control through vaccination remains a global priority. The efficacy of BCG given to neonates to prevent tuberculosis meningitis and miliary tuberculosis is well known.1 In addition, BCG close to birth protects against other infectious diseases in the first 6 weeks of life.2 As vaccines able to prevent pulmonary tuberculosis in children and adults remain elusive and are being actively studied, there is much interest in whether repeat BCG immunisation can fulfil this role.
Highlights
The need for tuberculosis control through vaccination remains a global priority
Of 376 cases of confirmed or probable pulmonary tuberculosis and 24 of confirmed lymph node tuberculosis, the rate of confirmed pulmonary disease was higher after second BCG than for placebo, attributable to those living with HIV.[4]
With more tuberculosis cases identified, the investigators showed no harm after a second BCG vaccination and evidence for modest protection in adults without HIV, especially if the second immunisation was in childhood
Summary
The need for tuberculosis control through vaccination remains a global priority. The efficacy of BCG given to neonates to prevent tuberculosis meningitis and miliary tuberculosis is well known.[1]. Follow-up of a BCG trial after 30 years: what lessons have we learned?
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