Abstract
Abstract Folic acid belongs to the group of B vitamins. It is also known as vitamin M, vitamin B 9 and vitamin B c . The term folate is used to designate all members of the family of compounds based on the N ‐(6‐peteridinyl)‐ p ‐aminobenzoic acid skeleton. Humans cannot synthesize folic acid so it is necessary to use a supplement. Folic acid when converted to folate is essential for numerous body functions, eg, synthesizes and repairs DNA. Good food sources of folate are liver, fresh, dark, leafy green vegetables, beans, wheat germ, and yeasts. Total folate content of food varies and depends on the method of preparation and length of storage. The first synthesis of folic acid was based on a three component one pot reaction. Folic acid is also synthesized in microorganisms and in plants. Folic acid is safe, even at levels of daily oral supplementation up to 5–10 mg. Folic acid deficiency results in an inability to produce DNA, RNA, and certain proteins. Daily requirements are listed. Folic acid is used for feed enrichment in animal nutrition. In the pharmaceutical industry it is used as a rescue dose during cancer chemotherapy. It prevents the majority of neural tube defects when a supplement is used during pregnancy. It is also used a delivery agent for targeting drug delivery and as an imaging agent.
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