Abstract
AbstractOzone (O3) and heat stresses induce oxidative damage of plant cells; consequently, this causes reductions in yield of crop plants. As one of the most important staple crops, rice also suffers from these stresses. The aims of this study were to explore the effect of the growing season (rainy and summer season) on rice yield and the effect of calcium acetate (CA) on rice via foliar spraying, under both O3 and heat stresses experienced in the summer season. Results showed that O3‐induced cell damages are indicated by an increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) level as well as rice yield losses. Moreover, it was found that rice yield under O3 exposure was reduced, around 88.72%, when comparing between rice grown in the summer and rainy season. Pretreatment of rice with 5 mM CA under O3 and heat stresses stimulated activity and expressions of ascorbate peroxidase (APX); consequently, this mitigated oxidative damage by lowering MDA content. In addition, CA pretreatment in rice under the ozone and heat stresses enhanced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) contents and chlorophyll content resulting in higher rice yield in comparison with non‐CA pretreatment. Thus, foliar application of CA on rice relieved yield losses caused by the combined O3 and heat stresses by modulating the major antioxidant enzyme, APX and contents of NADPH, which are important compounds for cell growth and detoxification.
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