Foliar application of triacontanol ameliorates heat stress through regulation of the antioxidant defense system and improves yield of eggplant.

H Faiz,T Siddique,A Noor,I Ali,O Khan,A Noreen,S Asghar,S Ashraf,M Liaquat,S T Haider,Q S Anjum,S Rashid,T Hussain,R W Khan

doi:10.1590/1519-6984.253696

Abstract

Transplanting time and genotype contribute to improving crop yield and quality of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.). A field experiment was conducted to investigate the impact of foliar applied of triacontanol (TRIA) and eggplant genotypes 25919, Nirala, 28389 and Pak-10927,transplanted on 1 March,15 March, and 1 April on exposure to high air temperature conditions. The experiment was performed according to Randomized Complete Block Design and the data was analyzed by using Tuckey,s test . The TRIA was applied at 10µM at flowering stage; distilled water was used as the control. Rate of photosynthesis and transpiration, stomatal conductance, water use efficiency, and effects on antioxidative enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase and peroxidase) were evaluated. The 10µM TRIA increased photosynthesis rate and water use efficiency and yield was improved in all genotypes transplanted at the different dates. Foliar application of 10µM TRIA increased antioxidative enzyme activities (SOD, POD & CAT) and improved physiological as well as biochemical attributes of eggplant genotypes exposed to high heat conditions. Highest activity of dismutase enzyme 5.41mg/1g FW was recorded in Nirala genotype in second transplantation. Whereas, lowest was noted in PAK-10927 (2.30mg/g FW). Maximum fruit yield was found in accession 25919 (1.725kg per plant) at 1st transplantation with Triacontanol, whereas accession PAK-10927 gave the lowest yield (0.285 kg per plant) at control treatment on 3rd transplantation. Genotype, transplanting date and application of TRIA improved growth, yield and quality attributes under of heat stress in eggplant.

Highlights

Elevated temperature is an outcome of global warming as reported in the fourth assessment report of IPPC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) which is the most serious concern in achieving goals of food security (Hoegh-Guldberg and Bruno, 2010)
Many scientists tried to discover the mode of action of Triacontanol, though, the key mechanism that loosen Tria-mediated tolerance to main environmental pressures remained very little explored in plants (Islam and Mohammad, 2020)
Rate of transpiration It is evident from the data presented in the Figure 1 that transpiration rate increased with delay in the transplanting dates, being higher in the 3rd transplanting date i.e. 1st of April

Summary

Introduction

Elevated temperature is an outcome of global warming as reported in the fourth assessment report of IPPC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) which is the most serious concern in achieving goals of food security (Hoegh-Guldberg and Bruno, 2010). Most plants have developed complex systems for protection against damage (Hasanuzzaman et al, 2013) Some of these systems demand external stimuli, or an elicitor, to make resistant systems fully functional. These may be plant hormones, or their synthetic analogues (Hasanuzzaman et al, 2013). Triacontanol (TRIA) has proven plant growth regulatory effects such as maize and wheat (Perveen et al, 2010).The TRIA has been reported to improve growth, yield, photosynthesis, protein synthesis, uptake of water and nutrients, nitrogen-fixation, enzymes activities, free amino acids, reducing sugars, and soluble protein contents (Naeem et al, 2012). Many scientists tried to discover the mode of action of Triacontanol, though, the key mechanism that loosen Tria-mediated tolerance to main environmental pressures remained very little explored in plants (Islam and Mohammad, 2020)

Methods

Results

Discussion

Conclusion