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Abstract
Recent progress in nanotechnology and its application to biomedical settings have generated great advantages in dealing with early cancer diagnosis. The identification of the specific properties of cancer cells, such as the expression of particular plasma membrane molecular receptors, has become crucial in revealing the presence and in assessing the stage of development of the disease. Here we report a single cell screening approach based on Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) microimaging. We fabricated a SERS-labelled nanovector based on the biofunctionalization of gold nanoparticles with folic acid. After treating the cells with the nanovector, we were able to distinguish three different cell populations from different cell lines (cancer HeLa and PC-3, and normal HaCaT lines), suitably chosen for their different expressions of folate binding proteins. The nanovector, indeed, binds much more efficiently on cancer cell lines than on normal ones, resulting in a higher SERS signal measured on cancer cells. These results pave the way for applications in single cell diagnostics and, potentially, in theranostics.
Highlights
Over the last few years, much interest in the practice of oncology has been paid to early cancer detection, i.e. the capability to reveal the presence of cancer at the first stage of its progression, which could open the way to more effective treatments.[1]
We will firstly describe the stepwise preparation of the nanovector (A): a careful characterization was performed after each step and at the end of the biofunctionalization
The core of our nanovector consists of gold Nps of 60 nm diameter, which were functionalized with a two-step process, as described in the previous section
Summary
Over the last few years, much interest in the practice of oncology has been paid to early cancer detection, i.e. the capability to reveal the presence of cancer at the first stage of its progression, which could open the way to more effective treatments.[1].
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