Abstract
A modern diagnostic and therapeutical approach to paediatric cardiology enables early application of foetal echocardiography in order of achieving diagnosis of congenital heart anomalies in utero. The aim of this study is to evaluate the percentage of prenatal diagnosis of congenital heart anomalies. This study has been conducted on 73 patients at Paediatric clinic of Clinical Centre of Sarajevo in a period from January 2000 until December 2004 with diagnosis of heart malformations. Among them 14 were preterm newborns, 40 boys. Diagnosis of cardiac anomalies with left to right shunt was done in 56.1%, obstructive 13.7%, cyanotic 1.36% and complex in 28.7% patients. The prenatal diagnosis was established in 4 patients (5.5%) by ultrasound examination which is very low in comparison to other European countries. There is a need for making prenatal diagnosis of congenital heart anomalies in foetus as early as it can be done in order to treat cardiac anomalies in utero, to decrease the number of congenital heart anomalies and to reduce the cost of cardiosurgical and postsurgical treatment.
Highlights
Paediatric cardiology is an exact science thanks to embryological knowledge, morphological anatomy and segmental analysis
Morphological anatomy is essential for the recognition of heart chambers as well as defining the real diagnosis
The aim of this study is to evaluate the precentage of prenatal diagnosis of congenital heart anomalies
Summary
Paediatric cardiology is an exact science thanks to embryological knowledge, morphological anatomy and segmental analysis. Developmental biology from conception to the end of the second month of life allows the solution of morphogenesis (pathogenesis) and etiology of cardiac malformations. Morphological anatomy is essential for the recognition of heart chambers as well as defining the real diagnosis. The language of segmental analysis ( ) allows the recognition of the relation of visceral organs towards the atrium (visceroatrial relation), interrelation of the heart chambers and the relation of the heart towards the great vessels ( ). On the basis of segmental analysis it is possible to make an anatomical and physiological diagnosis. Detailed clinical evaluation is essential for patient’s judgement with congenital heart anomalies. Congenital heart anomalies are the most frequent diagnosed in the neonatal period. A modern diagnostic and therapeutical approach in paediatric cardiology allows early
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