Abstract
Cathode cooling degree influences electron emmision and deposited rare earth atoms transferring behaviours in tungsten-based arcing process. Experimental study was carried out with three different types of tungsten-based cathodes (lanthanized, thoriated and yttriated) in no cooling mode and water cooling mode, respectively. Compared with no cooling mode, the height of high temperature cathode region (HTCR) in water cooling mode is constricted in the welding current ranging 100A–500A. The tungsten erosion height of three types of cathode in water cooling mode is smaller than that in no cooling mode. Among of them, lanthanized tungsten cathode has a minimum erosion height (1.64 mm), thoriated tungsten cathode followed (1.67 mm) and yttriated tungsten cathode has a maximum (1.69 mm) in no cooling mode at 500 A. Tungsten tip region is divided into four parts according to the SEM micrographs. The leading three parts from the tungsten tip are roughly the same in two cooling degrees. In no cooling mode, rare earth element atoms on the tungsten surface in region edging to the leading arcing cathode region are higher than those in water cooling mode in the three kinds of tungsten. The research results give basic knowledge for the energy-saving torch designing.
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