Abstract
Implantation of three-dimensional (3D) bioactive glass-derived porous scaffolds is an effective strategy for promoting bone repair and regeneration in large osseous defect sites. The present study intends to expand the potential of a SiO2–P2O5–CaO–MgO–Na2O–CaF2 glass composition, which has already proven to be successful in regenerating bone in both animals and human patients. Specifically, this research work reports the fabrication of macroporous glass–ceramic scaffolds by the foam replica method, using the abovementioned bioactive glass powders as a parent material. The sinter-crystallization of the glass powder was investigated by hot-stage microscopy, differential thermal analysis, and X-ray diffraction. Scanning electron microscopy was used to investigate the pore–strut architecture of the resultant glass–ceramic scaffolds in which diopside, fluorapatite, and wollastonite crystallized during thermal treatment. Immersion studies in simulated body fluids revealed that the scaffolds have bioactive behavior in vitro; the mechanical properties were also potentially suitable to suggest use in load-bearing bone applications.
Highlights
The continuous advancements in materials science and technology allow for developing more and more sophisticated products with special properties that are able to achieve specific applications and meet new needs
The 1d glass used in this work as the parent material for making scaffolds was in a multicomponent 46.1SiO2 –28.7CaO–8.8MgO–6.2P2 O5 –5.7CaF2 –4.5Na2 O compositional system
Tp of 1d glass were assessed from the differential thermal analysis (DTA) plot and found to be 640 ◦ C, 785 ◦ C, and 830 ◦ C, respectively (Figure 2)
Summary
The continuous advancements in materials science and technology allow for developing more and more sophisticated products with special properties that are able to achieve specific applications and meet new needs. Bioactive glasses and glass–ceramics are able to spontaneously convert their own surface into a hydroxyapatite layer in a biological environment Research on this broad group of biomaterials began with the discovery of 45S5 glass composition Bioactive glasses and glass–ceramics in the form of porous scaffolds were found to be able to replicate—even to a great extent—the complex morphology of bone and promote the regeneration of natural tissue [3,4]. In this regard, 45S5 glass, which was considered the “gold standard”
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