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Abstract
The defatted seed meal of Camellia oleifera has been used as a natural detergent and its extract is commercially utilized as a foam-stabilizing and emulsifying agent. The goal of this study was to investigate the foam properties and detergent ability of the saponins from the defatted seed meal of C. oleifera. The crude saponin content in the defatted seed meal of C. oleifera was 8.34 and the total saponins content in the crude saponins extract was 39.5% (w/w). The foaming power of the 0.5 crude saponins extract solution from defatted seed meal of C. oleifera was 37.1 of 0.5 SLS solution and 51.3% to that of 0.5% Tween 80 solution. The R5 value of 86.0% represents good foam stability of the crude saponins extracted from the defatted seed meal of the plant. With the reduction of water surface tension from 72 mN/m to 50.0 mN/m, the 0.5% crude saponins extract solution has wetting ability. The sebum-removal experiment indicated that the crude saponins extract has moderate detergency. The detergent abilities of the saponins from C. oleifera and Sapindus mukorossi were also compared.
Highlights
Saponins are a large family of structurally-related compounds of steroid or triterpenoid aglycone linked to one or more oligosaccharide moieties by glycosidic linkage
The percentage of crude saponins extract that was obtained from the defatted seed meal of C. oleifera was
[19], the crude saponin from Sapindus mukorossi possessed moderate detergency (60%). It seems that the detergent ability of the saponin from S. mukorossi is superior to the saponin from C. oleifera
Summary
Saponins are a large family of structurally-related compounds of steroid or triterpenoid aglycone (sapogenin) linked to one or more oligosaccharide moieties by glycosidic linkage. The carbohydrate moiety consists of pentoses, hexoses, or uronic acids The presence of both polar (sugar) and nonpolar (steroid or triterpene) groups provide saponins with strong surface-active properties [1]. Their physiochemical and biological properties feature structural diversity, which have led to a number of traditional and industrial applications [2,3,4]. Camellia oleifera is an important source of edible oil in tropical and sub-tropical regions of Asia, especially in China. It is used in cooking and as a medicine for the treatment of intestinal disorders and burn injuries [10,11,12].
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