Abstract
Relaxor ferroelectric single crystals Pb[(Zn 1/3Nb 2/3) 0.93Ti 0.07]O 3 (PZNT93/7) have been grown by the modified Bridgman method using 50 mol% PbO as a flux. A gas cooling system was assembled at the bottom of the platinum crucible to induce single nucleation as well as form a large temperature gradient in the furnace. The oxygen gas flow was controlled at a rate of 1.6 l/min and the lowering rate of the crucible was less than 0.5 mm/h. PZNT93/7 crystal up to 33 mm in diameter and 28 mm in length was obtained. The double-crystal X-ray rocking curve was measured and the FWHM value is about 505 arcsec. The dielectric constants and dielectric loss were measured at frequencies of 100 Hz, 1 kHz, 10 kHz and 100 kHz. The Curie temperature of as-grown PZNT crystal was 179°C. The transition temperature of rhombohedral–tegragonal phase was about 120°C, which was 40°C higher than that of PZNT91/9 crystals.
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