Flutter-driven triboelectrification for harvesting wind energy

With an emphasis on Bangladesh's accomplishments in solar photovoltaic power production, this extensive study offers a comprehensive review of sustainable and renewable energy sources. Bangladesh, a heavily populated country that depends heavily on energy, has a difficult time satisfying its rising electrical demand while also taking environmental issues into account. The assessment covers a wide range of topics related to renewable energy sources, including solar photovoltaic technology, how it fits into the nation's current energy infrastructure, legislative frameworks, and socioeconomic effects. The report emphasizes how solar photovoltaic power may play a key role in Bangladesh's sustainable energy future by lowering the country's reliance on fossil fuels, lessening the effects of climate change, and promoting economic development via the use of renewable energy sources. This comprehensive review explores the many facets of sustainable and renewable energy sources in further detail, with a particular emphasis on Bangladesh's ever-changing solar photovoltaic power market. The topic of discussion includes developments in solar panel technology, such as increased efficiency, lower costs, and novel ideas. It also looks at how solar energy may be integrated into the current energy system, discussing the benefits and problems related to energy storage and grid modernization. This paper has the potential to improve energy security, the environment, the economy, and the general well-being of the populace, with a focus on solar PV advancement in Bangladesh. It can act as a guide for decision-makers in government, academia, and business to work together to create a more resilient and sustainable energy future for the nation. The research explores how the expansion of the solar business might lead to the creation of jobs, the improvement of skills, and the enhancement of local economies. It also takes into account the advantages for the environment that come from using less fossil fuels, such as lower greenhouse gas emissions and better air quality. This thorough review highlights the importance of Bangladesh's progress toward solar photovoltaic electricity development as a way to guarantee a sustainable and environmentally conscious energy future, lower consumer energy costs, and improve energy security in a country with rising energy consumption and aggressive renewable energy targets.

The development of India is continuously affected due to some severe issues of the energy crisis and greenhouse gas emission. To overcome or minimize these problems, India should increase the share of sustainable energy sources in an overall generation. Therefore, this work aims to develop a model for the selection of the most sustainable energy sources in India. The model is developed using integrated multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) approach to deal with the number of conflicting and uncertain criteria. The developed model has a unique combination of seven energy alternatives, six criteria, and their related twenty-six sub-criteria. The weights were collected using linguistic terminology to avoid any kind of incomplete or vague information. Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (F-AHP) was employed to make a pairwise comparison and to obtain the weights of the considered criteria and sub-criteria. Fuzzy Weighted Aggregated Sum Product Assessment (F-WASPAS) used for the ranking of the energy alternatives. Result shows that economic criterion has the highest weight, followed by the environmental and technical criterion. Solar energy obtained as the most sustainable alternative energy source in India. Wind energy was chosen as the second-most sustainable alternative energy source, followed by the hydro and biomass energy. Sensitivity analysis was performed by changing the values of λ coefficient. Results were compared and validated with three other well-known MCDM approaches of VIKOR, TOPSIS, and PROMETHEE - II.

Bio-inspired technologies have remarkable potential for energy harvesting from clean and sustainable energy sources. Inspired by the hummingbird-wing structure, we propose a shape-adaptive, lightweight triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) designed to exploit the unique flutter mechanics of the hummingbird for small-scale wind energy harvesting. The flutter is confined between two surfaces for contact electrification upon oscillation. We investigate the flutter mechanics on multiple contact surfaces with several free-standing and lightweight electrification designs. The flutter driven-TENGs are deposited on simplified wing designs to match the electrical performance with variations in wind speed. The hummingbird TENG (H-TENG) device weighed 10 g, making it one of the lightest TENG harvesters in the literature. With a six TENG network, the hybrid design attained a 1.5 W m−2 peak electrical output at 7.5 m/s wind speed with an approximately linear increase in charge rate with the increased number of TENG harvesters. We demonstrate the ability of the H-TENG networks to operate Internet of Things (IoT) devices from sustainable and renewable energy sources.

The history of civil engineering is marked by significant changes in focus and work arrangements. Organized after military engineering, civil engineering initially encompassed all nonmilitary infrastructure work. That neat division would soon become more complicated. As new technologies developed, new infrastructure applications were incorporated into civil engineering, such as railroads, airports, water supply, and wastewater treatment engineering. New social concerns also sparked changes in civil engineering work, such as new regulations for air and water pollution abatement. Engineering itself evolved into numerous distinct disciplines, including engineering specializations in biomedical, chemical, electrical, mechanical, metallurgical, and mining engineering. Civil engineers tended to work on larger spatial and temporal scales than other engineering disciplines. Civil engineers have been increasingly working in teams with multiple professions represented, such as architects, constructors, and other engineers. Computer-aided communications and engineering aids have revolutionized the framework for working in such teams. Civil engineering is also distinguished from other engineering disciplines by the importance of private–public interactions for regulation and ownership. The emerging shift to sustainable, clean, and renewable energy sources represents a major new challenge for our global society generally and for civil engineering in particular. In the past, civil engineering encompassed dams, hydraulic turbines, and transmission systems for energy provision. But this role is now expanding. New technologies will contribute to this shift, particularly for power generation, but there are important needs to make new infrastructure investments and better management decision making. Several factors are motivating a switch to sustainable energy sources (NRC 2009; America’s Energy Future Panel 2009). Many nations, including the United States, are importing a greater fraction of their energy sources, particularly petroleum for liquid fuels, and so energy security is a concern. Overall energy demand is increasing and so new sources of energy are being sought. The longterm availability of sufficient fossil-fuel energy supply is a major concern; for example, petroleum production in the United States already peaked around 1970, and a world peak is expected this century (Wood et al. 2004). Concern for the global climate change and the public health effects of fossil-fuel power generation place a premium on clean energy sources and energy efficiency. Numerous states have enacted requirements for renewable or alternative energy production (Pew Center on Global Climate Change 2010). Even though the switch will undoubtedly be relatively slow and fitful, significant changes are already under way in areas such as wind-power investments, where the worldwide growth rate in installed capacity has been as high as 30% per year (EIA 2010a). The growth of civil engineering coincided with a rapid increase in fossil-fuel extraction and use. Fossil fuels such as coal, natural gas, and petroleum have high energy density and are relatively inexpensive to extract. Ships switched from clean and renewable wind power to coal, oil and to a limited extent, nuclear power. Railway switched from the renewable wood fuel to coal and diesel. Electricity grids became widely available and facilitated a widespread development of water supply and distribution systems. Energy costs declined in real dollar amounts over the past few centuries. Indeed, inexpensive energy has been a major factor in overall economic development in the past two centuries (Ayres and Ayres 2009). However, the previously noted factors are working to decrease the role of fossil fuels and to increase the real cost of energy in the future. Moreover, the infrastructure that has evolved for this era of inexpensive, primarily fossil fuel energy sources must be altered for a new regime of sustainable energy sources. Sustainable energy is only one aspect of sustainable engineering (Graedel and Allenby 2010). Many other application areas are also important. For example, reducing the spread of toxic materials (including nanoparticles with health impacts) is a continuing concern. Better management of renewable resources such as fisheries, forests, and water is also important. Nevertheless, the pervasive use of energy in modern societies makes sustainable energy a priority. In the next sections, the characteristics of infrastructure for a sustainable energy future are discussed; the importance of a lifecycle perspective for planning, implementing, and managing this new infrastructure is emphasized; and in the concluding section, engineering management priorities for sustainable energy are summarized.

As a clean, sustainable energy source, sound can carry a wealth of information and play a huge role in the Internet of Things era. In recent years, triboelectric acoustic sensors have received increasing attention due to the advantages of self-power supply and high sensitivity. However, the triboelectric charge is susceptible to ambient humidity, which reduces the reliability of the sensor and limits the application scenarios significantly. In this paper, a highly moisture-resistant fluorinated polyimide composited with an amorphous fluoropolymer film was prepared. The charge injection performance, triboelectric performance, and moisture resistance of the composite film were investigated. In addition, we developed a self-powered, highly sensitive, and moisture-resistant porous-structure acoustic sensor based on contact electrification. The detection characteristics of the acoustic sensor are also obtained.

The focus of this paper is the relationship between sustainable energy sources and financial development. The main research hypothesis assumes a positive link between these areas, with inevitable differences across countries and business sectors. The following research questions were asked: Is the impact of financial development on sustainable energy resources the same in different EU countries advanced in green transition processes? How is transition towards renewable energy sources progressing in different economic sectors? Does financial development influence sectoral transition in particular countries? This study uses the TOPSIS method and 25 variables for EU countries from 2013 to 2021. Key findings reveal that the link between sustainable energy sources and financial development varies across EU countries, country size affects energy autonomy, and the transition also differs by business sector. Surprisingly, higher financial development correlates with less progress in sustainable energy initiatives. The results of our research may be useful for government decision-makers in the process of designing and controlling the country’s transition to sustainable energy. The original contribution of the study is expressed in its the diagnosis of the relationship between financial development and sustainable energy sources, while most studies have focused on the relationship between the energy market and financial development.

In today’s world, the use of fossil fuels continues intensively. However, the decrease in raw materials and the damage caused by fossil fuels to the environment every day encourage countries to develop policies toward sustainable energy resources and to introduce legislation for the use of these resources in their domestic legal systems. Another situation that encourages the orientation toward sustainable energy sources is the military intervention of countries against each other or the possibility of such a possibility occurring at any time. It can be said that this situation also caused unpredictable increases in fossil fuel prices. In addition, a country’s dependence on foreign energy is a situation that directly affects its economic independence. As a result, the use of clean energy resources is increasing day by day due to many reasons mentioned above, and legal regulations are made for this. In this context, the main purpose of the study is to try to deal with wind energy, which is one of the sustainable clean energy sources, and its application and procedure in Turkey in the context of the Turkish legal system. In addition, the choice of wind energy in the study can be expressed as the most common among renewable energy sources.KeywordsEnergy lawAdministrative lawClean energyWind energyRenewable energyPublic service

III-nitride nanowires for solar light harvesting: A review

Sustainable and alternative energy sources of biofuel and solar power panel have been revolutionizing the lives and economy of many countries. However, these changes mainly occur in the urban areas and the rural population section has long been ignored by policy makers and government in the provision of energy. It is only recently that solar and biofuel are finally making in road to provide cheap and clean energy sources to rural population. As a result, literatures on consumer behavior of rural population towards sustainable energy sources are still very scarce. The present research aims to fulfill this gap by developing a conceptual model to investigate the adoption of solar power and biofuel energy resources in the cross-cultural setting of Malaysia and Pakistan. The data was collected from the rural areas of Pakistan and Malaysia. The two-stage data analysis method of partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) and artificial neural network (ANN) have been applied to satisfy both linear and non-linear regression assumptions, respectively. The results show that consumer in rural areas of Pakistan are willing and possess intention to adopt both biofuel and solar power for commercial and domestic use. Additionally, the results confirm that branding, economic, and altruistic factors are important in yielding intention to use towards biofuel and solar power panel in Pakistan which are validated by the results obtained in Malaysia. Other factors such as climate change awareness, retailer services quality, and ease of use are also important. The results offer wide-ranging theoretical and managerial implications.

Chapter 13 - Thermochemical conversion of algal biomass

In today’s era energy is an important thing which is needed to everyone in this world. Because of the depletion in the production of the fossil fuels, everyone is searching for new energy efficient, cost effective and environment-friendly renewable resources. Our dependence on fossil fuels for fueling the transportation sector and energy production threatens our energy security, affects our environment, and weakens our economy. Fossil fuels are the non-conventional energy sources which are estimated to be exhausted in coming years. Combustion of fossil fuels releases various harmful gasses and which affects drastically on the environment. So, this paper mainly concentrated upon biofuels as a sustainable energy source in coming years and how it will be beneficial to environment and Indian farmers. In this paper, study carried out by various researcher is summarised and concluded that the biofuels are the best sustainable alternative, renewable, energy efficient and profitable energy source.

A novel application of the geothermal asphalt pavement: A feasible E-fuel source

The alternative energy utilization and common regional trade outlook in EU-27: Evidence from common correlated effects

Chapter nine - Layered double hydroxide as electrode material for high-performance supercapattery

This study explores the utilization of Renewable Energy Sources (RES) through the production of biomass briquettes using palm kernel shells as a sustainable energy source. The raw materials include palm kernel shells as the main component, along with tapioca flour, sago flour, and molasses as binders. The production process involves molding under a pressure of 50 kg/cm² and drying at 100°C for 3 hours. Experiments were conducted with variations in the proportions of the main material and binders, resulting in an optimal composition of 75% palm kernel shells and 25% binder. Test results indicate that briquettes with tapioca flour as a binder exhibit the best characteristics, with a moisture content of 3.74%, a calorific value of 5,405.67 cal/g, ash content of 5.77%, fixed carbon of 56.42%, volatile matter of 44.63%, and a burning rate of 0.1939 g/min. This study validates that the developed briquette formulation meets the SNI 01-6235-2000 standard, demonstrating its potential as a sustainable alternative energy source.