Abstract
The fluorite phase of SnO2 is discovered to demonstrate superior electrical conductivity compared to its rutile phase. Achieving SnO2’s fluorite phase at reduced pressure and intercepting it to ambient condition is of major significance. In this paper, we performed systematic investigations on SnO2’s phase transformations and physical properties under heating and nonhydrostatic compression using in situ X-ray diffraction (XRD) and electrical measurements. Compared to previous XRD experiments (21 GPa, room temperature), it is discovered that cubic fluorite SnO2 can be achieved and retained to ambient condition at reduced pressure, 12.0 GPa, after heating to 500 K. The electrical measurements show that the fluorite phase of SnO2 has about 10 times higher conductivity than its rutile phase and can be quenched to ambient condition after the sample was heated to 500 K at 12.0 GPa.
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