Abstract
Fluoride excess in drinking water is noticed in many countries around the world and particularly in Senegal where, in addition to fluoride excess, high levels of salinity are also encountered. In order to reduce fluoride excess in drinking water in the groundnut basin of Senegal, two types of clays namely montmorillonite KSF and montmorillonite K10 as well were used as adsorbent materials. The results show that the pH which was initially alkaline becomes acidic varying from 2.80 to 6.80. The pseudo first-order kinetic model fit well with the adsorption experiments for KSF montmorillonite (r2 = 0.96), while for K10 clay the same model describe the experiments with slight differences (r2 = 0.90). The KSF clay has a better fluoride adsorption capacity compared to that obtained with K10 clay due to the presence of a great level of calcium oxide in the montmorilonite KSF clay.
Highlights
The contamination of groundwater by fluoride ions has been recognized as one of the health problems affecting several countries around the world
The pH values measured in the water samples before the kinetic study reveal that the variation ranges between 7.67 and 8.70; which is characteristic of alkaline pH and these pH values are within the range recommended by World Health Organization (WHO) [30]
Pseudo first order and pseudo second order adsorption kinetics were used to describe the adsorption kinetics obtained with KSF clay and the adsorption kinetics obtained with K10 clay
Summary
The contamination of groundwater by fluoride ions has been recognized as one of the health problems affecting several countries around the world. Fluoride is an essential element in the human body as long as its concentration in drinking water does not exceed a certain limit [3]. As an example in relation to this limit, the World Health Organization (WHO) fixes the concentration. When the concentration of fluoride ions in drinking water is above this recommended limit, its consumption can cause dental and/or bone fluorosis and even reach certain organs such as the liver, thyroid... When the concentration of fluoride ions in drinking water is above this recommended limit, its consumption can cause dental and/or bone fluorosis and even reach certain organs such as the liver, thyroid... [5]
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