Abstract
Summary Depending on the sensitivity of the various methods of detection, HPV infections of the urethra are found in up to 50% of the sexually active population, mainly in a latent, not virulent form. On the other hand, clinical and subclinical HPV lesions of the urethra are known to be infectious and therefore have to be treated. It was fluorescence urethroscopy that first allowed clinical marking as well as specifically targeted biopsy and treatment of subclinical urethral HPV lesions. These can be found in just under 30% of patients in whom urethral warts can be readily detected by conventional endoscopy. Fluorescence guided laser therapy is more effective than laser treatment under white-light conditions. Fluorescence diagnostics is thus a valuable complement to the HPV diagnostics and to the established Nd:YAG laser therapy of urethral HPV infections.
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