Abstract
Blood volume deficits are common in most forms of circulatory shock. Fluid repletion is a vital therapy in patients with circulatory shock because it increases venous return to the heart (preload) and cardiac output, and thereby increases oxygen delivery to tissues. Both colloid and crystalloid plasma volume expanders may be used as resuscitative fluids. Colloid-containing fluids maintain or augment plasma colloid osmotic pressure (COP), while large volume infusions of crystalloid fluids decrease COP. Critical reduction of COP has been associated with the development of systemic, cerebral, and pulmonary edema during fluid resuscitation of patients with circulatory shock.
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