Fluid resuscitation in pre-hospital trauma care: a consensus view

Abstract

Fluid administration for trauma in the pre-hospital environment is a challenging and controversial area. The available evidence does not clearly support any single approach. Nevertheless, some provisional conclusions may be drawn. We believe that the following guidelines represent a sound expert consensus. It is intended that they will be modifi ed as future research brings clarity to the area. When treating trauma victims in the pre-hospital arena cannulation should take place en route where possible. Only two attempts at cannulation should be made. Transfer should not be delayed by attempts to obtain intravenous access. Entrapped patients require cannulation at the scene. Normal saline may be titrated in boluses of 250 ml against the presence or absence of a radial pulse (caveats; penetrating torso injury, head injury, infants).