FLUID MIGRATION IS THE MAIN CRITERION OF THE GAS-BEARING CAPACITY OF THE CLOSED AREA OF MINES OF THE COAL-BEARING FIELDS OF THE DONBAS

Abstract

Fluid migration is determined, first of all, by different in shape and rank types of dislocations that control compression and rarefaction zones as the main regulators of the distribution of matter and energy in the Earth's crust, represented mainly by Phanerozoic formations, and in our studies by carbon deposits. Gas migration through the newly formed fractures in the massif, due to the impact of mine workings on the upper layers of the lithosphere, allows for the formation of gas accumulations in the near-surface and surface areas. As a result, a significant amount of gas is concentrated in relatively small areas, which will contribute to gas-dynamic phenomena on the surface and can cause significant damage to buildings and human life. Mass transfer of deep fluids is associated with the formation of mineral deposits, including the most explored ones, ore and oil and gas. At the same time, the distribution of gas in coal-bearing massifs is related to their tectonic structure, especially to faulting, which is a way for hydrocarbon-hydrogen mixtures to migrate from deeper horizons. The study of the signs of uneven distribution of fluids under the influence of tectonic and anthropogenic factors was based on observations of new formations in the post-sedimentary geological environment: textural and structural characteristics based on the study of samples, grinds and laboratory observations, which determine the sequence of changes in the material composition of consedimentary and post-sedimentary formations and their relationship in space and time. Unsaturated hydrocarbons, such as ethylene, propylene and acetylene, can be characterised as adventitious gases of hydrocarbon massifs that have taken their current position in the gas component of the hydrocarbon gas mixture by being transported by fractures from deep horizons to the surface.