Fluid flow modelling of gas stirred ladles with immersion hood

Abstract

AbstractMathematical and water models were used to study the flow behaviour of the gas bubbles and the molten steel in gas stirred ladles with and without an immersion hood. The mathematical model is based on a computatioal fluid dynamics technique which can handle the interactive, two phase (gas–liquid) flow problems and which allows the top surface of the melt to fluctuate. The water model is 1/10 scale of a 150 ton steel ladle. Water, a plexiglass container, and helium gas substitute for molten steel, the refractory ladle, and argon gas, respectively, in the actual steel ladle. The mathematical model developed was first tested under the same conditions used in the water model. Results of the analyses, including bubble pathlines and melt flow patterns, showed very good consistency with observations from the water model. The mathematical model was then used to study the phenomena in the steel ladle operations. The results showed that the flow behaviour in the steel ladle was very similar to that in the w...