Fluence and mutagenic side effects of excimer laser radiation applied in ophthalmology in human lymphocytes in vitro

Abstract

To investigate the influence of different fluences in 193 and 248 nm excimer laser radiation on the yields of chromatid and chromosome aberrations induced in human lymphocytes in vitro. Heparinized human blood was exposed to 193 or 248 nm excimer laser radiation. The fluence was gradually increased from 21 to 400 mJ/cm2 in 193 nm (constant total energy of 250 J) and from 150 to 377 mJ/cm2 in 248 nm radiation (constant total energy of 500 J). Chromatid and chromosome aberrations were then analysed microscopically. The yields of chromatid breaks and achromatic lesions depend on the fluence per pulse. This dependence contains a linear component, indicating a threshold of about 70 mJ/cm2 fluence in 193 nm and of about 250 mJ/cm2 fluence in 248 nm laser radiation. An increase of the yield of dicentric chromosomes could only be observed at the highest fluence tested (377 mJ/cm2) in the 248 nm series. Over 126 mJ/cm2 in 193 nm radiation no lymphocytes could be cultured and therefore no aberrations could be found. Our findings show that the fluence of 193 nm and of 248 nm excimer laser radiation has an effect on the yields of chromatid breaks and achromatic lesions in human lymphocytes under in vitro conditions.