Fluctuations of conserved charges in hydrodynamics and molecular dynamics

Abstract

We present an overview of recent theoretical results on fluctuations of conserved charges in heavy-ion collisions obtained in relativistic hydrodynamics and molecular dynamics frameworks. In particular, we discuss the constraints on the location of the QCD critical point based on comparisons of experimental data on proton number cumulants with precision calculations of noncritical contributions. We also cover recent developments on critical fluctuations in molecular dynamics simulations.