Abstract

The problem of particle number fluctuations in Bose–Einstein condensate (BEC) in the canonical ensemble is a subject of long-standing interest [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14]. Recently, such a problem received growing attention due to possibility of measuring fluctuations in experiments with BEC of trapped atoms [15]. In the canonical ensemble, the total number of particles N is fixed, but the system can exchange energy with an external thermal reservoir at temperature T. Due to the constraint on particle number an analytical treatment of fluctuations is highly nontrivial.

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