Abstract
This paper presents the results of a calculation of the low-order statistical properties of radiation which has been scattered by small spheroidal particles distributed at different heights above a surface. The results are in the form of analytical formulae for the average scattered intensity and for the normalized second moment of the intensity fluctuation distribution. The nature and magnitude of effects which can be generated by the system are discussed with particular reference to polarization phenomena at large angles of incidence. The predictions of the model are compared with the known fluctuation properties of microwave sea echo. (Some figures in this article are in colour only in the electronic version; see www.iop.org)
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