Flower-like-flake Fe3O4/g-C3N4 nanocomposite: Facile synthesis, characterization, and enhanced photocatalytic performance

Abstract

A novel, magnetically separable, and stable Fe3O4/graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) nanocomposites were prepared using a facile method. The as-prepared samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. The photocatalysis capability and stability of the as-prepared samples were studied by the degradation of rhodamine B (RhB) under simulated sun irradiation. In addition, the degree of mineralization of RhB and the optimum conditions (pH and dosage of catalyst) for the reaction system were investigated. Tetracycline was used to remove the sensitization effect. Fe3O4/g-C3N4 nanocomposites not only had higher photocatalytic activity but also obtained magnetic property and stronger stability, which are important for the reuse in water pollutant treatment. Photoelectrochemical activities of Fe3O4/g-C3N4 were also investigated. The photocurrent enhancement indicates a higher separation efficiency of electrons and holes due to the heterojunction between Fe3O4 and g-C3N4. RhB degradation improved under acidic conditions and simulated sun irradiation, given that more OH is produced because of the oxidation of Fenton. The h+ is a main participant in the degradation of RhB. Active species analysis showed that dissolved oxygen plays an important role in the formation of reactive species (O2− and OH), which are also important participants in the degradation of RhB.