Flower Color and Scent: How to Regulate the Flower Color and Fragrance in Ornamentals?

Abstract

In diverse ornamentals, flower color and fragrance traits have been recognized as major attractive elements in plant breeding purposes. Many consumers want more specific things such as blue rose and carnation in color and unique smell in fragrance. However, these are impossible to develop by traditional breeding tools without available genetic resources carrying these alleles. We studied broad technological methods that have been used to control the multiple traits with regards to flower color and fragrance production. Phytochemicals related to color and fragrance are produced by epigenetic regulation and various genetic factors in the biosynthesis pathways. In this review, we summarized different knowledge about the components biosynthesis pathway and how to control them to make wide ranges of flower color or fragrance. More research outcomes for improving flower color or fragrance through various advanced technologies in the future are thought to be reported.