Abstract
The two-dimensional to three-dimensional transition of a flow past a plunging NACA 0012 airfoil at Reynolds numbers from Re=400 to 10 000 and an angle of attack of 15 degrees was investigated using global linear stability analysis and spanwise-homogeneous direct numerical simulation (DNS). Below a Strouhal number of 0.5, the transition Reynolds number is higher than the static airfoil which indicates the plunging motion stabilises the two-dimensional baseflow. For higher frequencies, an period-doubling mode first becomes unstable, which has a peak Floquet multiplier around a spanwise wavelength of 2c. This unstable mode also dominates in three-dimensional direct numerical simulations (DNS). Finally, a short-wave mode becomes unstable at St_c=0.95, which generates more small-scale vorticies in the DNS result.
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