Flow separation and stability analysis for aligned magnetic field in a porous medium saturated by a titanium alloy nanofluid

Abstract

ABSTRACT This article examines Joule heating and aligned magnetic field in a porous medium saturated by Ti-alloy nanofluid. The heat generation and first-order velocity slip towards an exponentially permeable shrinking surface are taken. Non-dimensional forms of the resulting flow equations are solved numerically for multiple solutions using the shooting technique along with the Runge–Kutta method of 4th order in MATLAB(R2021a). The stability of the resultant system of equations is verified through the smallest eigenvalue approach. Both the first and second solutions of correlation streamline profiles are extracted for appropriate values of physical parameters. By stability analysis, the first solution is unquestionably more stable than the second solution. The major outcome is that the Joule heating raises the fluid’s temperature. The presence of flow separation is identified in the shrinking regions and the delay of boundary layer separation is pointed out. These analyses play a significant role in the fields of aerodynamics, medicine, and space sciences.