Flow of aqueous Fe2O3–CuO hybrid nanofluid over a permeable stretching/shrinking wedge: A development on Falkner–Skan problem

Abstract

Here, continuous two-dimensional boundary layer flow of a Fe2O3CuO/water hybrid nanofluid over a porous stretching/shrinking wedge with radiation and MHD effects has been investigated semi–analytically. The dual solutions of the problem and also its stability analysis are taken into account. Moreover, the mass-based procedure for hybrid nanofluid modeling has been used. According to this procedure, the volume fraction of first and second nanoparticles is written in terms of both nanoparticles as well as base fluid masses. The Tiwari-Das model joined with mass-based hybrid nanofluid procedure is applied to find the governing partial differential equations which are then transferred to a set of dimensionless ordinary differential equations with help of the similarity transform method. The numerical method of solution has been chosen based on a famous finite difference scheme (bvp4c) from MATLAB software. The results demonstrate that dual solutions exist for a certain domain of the wedge stretching/shrinking parameter. Also it is observed that always the first solutions have thinner boundary layer thickness than the second ones. Moreover, the critical value in which the solution is in existence increase with the enhancement of magnetic parameter and suction parameter. The magnetic parameter and the mass suction at the wedge's surface also leads to the increase in the local Nusselt number. Further, it is inferred that the second nanoparticle's mass enhancement results in the amplification of the skin friction coefficient and the local Nusselt number for the first solutions. In addition, the rise in radiation parameter tends to enhance the thermal boundary layer thickness.