Flow Nonuniformity in Shock Tubes Operating at Maximum Test Times

Abstract

Shock tube flow nonuniformity is investigated in the limit where the shock and contact surface have reached their maximum separation. Ideal gases are considered. It is found that all fluid properties increase in value between the shock and contact surface. The nonuniformity is greatest when γ (ratio of specific heats) is large and Ms (shock Mach number) is low. For γ = 53 and Ms ≥ 3, the static temperature, density, and pressure increase by about 8, 12, and 20%, respectively; the stagnation temperature increases by about 35%, and the stagnation pressure, dynamic pressure, and stagnation point heat transfer increase by about a factor of 2. These results apply to turbulent as well as laminar boundary layers. The variation of flow properties with distance behind the shock, as well as particle time of flight, is given for both wholly laminar and wholly turbulent wall boundary layers. These results are particularly important for chemical rate and heat transfer studies.