Abstract
Experiments have been performed to investigate natural and mixed convection in a shallow rectangular cavity. The cavity was heated from below and cooled from above either in the absence or presence of lid motion. Experiments were conducted in a cavity having aspect ratios of 1/10 and 1/5 in the longitudinal and spanwise directions, respectively. Ethylene-glycol and water were used as the working fluids for Reynolds number ranges from 170 to 2500 and Rayleigh number up to 8.3 × 104. Flow and temperature fields were visualized using aluminum particles and liquid crystal techniques. Also, the temperature history at different locations in the test cell was recorded and two-dimensional numerical simulations were performed. The results show that the lid motion has a significant effect on the flow and thermal structures in the cavity. For Richardson number (Ri) smaller than unity the effect of the lid motion is to reorganize the flow and make the flow structure quasi-two-dimensional. Complex flow structure was predicted for Ri ∼ O(1). The effect of the lid motion was found to be insignificant for Ri ≫ 1.
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