Flow and heat transfer of ferro nanofluid in a porous medium under the impact of a static magnetic field

Abstract

In the present work, we turn our attention to ferrofluid flow over an expandable sheet in a porous medium. In this flow, the magnetic dipole is kept in axis at a fixed length from the center. Using similarity transformation, the governing equations of the model are transformed into a non-dimensional form. The non-dimensional coupled differential equations are solved numerically through the finite element procedure in COMSOL Multiphysics. Velocity, temperature, and concentration distributions are demonstrated for different values of non-dimensional parameters. In the presence of magnetic dipole, some of the non-dimensional parameters favor the velocity, temperature, and concentration distributions and some of them inhibit the velocity, temperature, and concentration distributions. Escalating the ratio of the stretching sheet enhances the velocity and heat transfer in the fluid and decreases the concentration in the fluid. The position of magnetic dipole from the sheet has an important role in the optimization of velocity distribution and heat transfer in the fluid.