Abstract
Ores of the Vasilkovsky deposit include arsenopyrite, pyrite, pyrrhotite, marcasite, gold, chalcopyrite, sphalerite, galena, faded ore (tennantite)S, bismuthine, native bismuth, lellingite, molybdenite, cubanite, bornite, antimonite, relict minerals, magnetite, apatite and apatite chromite, sericite, chlorite, potassium feldspar, tourmaline), quartz, carbonates (siderite, ankerite, calcite), fluorite, barite. Arsenopyrite is the main ore mineral. It contains the bulk of gold, as well as impurities - copper, cobalt, nickel, bismuth, zirconium, titanium, lead, zinc, antimony, silver, molybdenum. Bismuth and its minerals are widespread, they are constantly associated with arsenopyrite, forming intergrowths with native gold, less often with chalcopyrite and faded ore. Native gold is distributed very unevenly, forms the finest precipitates ranging in size from tenths of a micron to 0.063 mm, grows together with quartz, arsenopyrite, pyrite and bismuth minerals. Rich ores were formed by combining bismuthcontaining associations with arsenopyrite. The role of gold in arsenopyrite increases with depth. Ores are of the gold-quartz-sulfide type. Quartz in ore up to 90 %, sulfides from 3 to 5 %. The content of harmful impurities (arsenic) reaches 2 % or more. Ores are refractory, require special technology for the beneficiation and extraction of gold.
Highlights
Gold in ores is present in more than 20 mineral forms, but native gold is mainly of industrial importance, represented by metal particles of various sizes, composition, shape and structure with many minerals, most often with quartz, pyrite, arsenopyrite, and barite
For sample 2 ore, flotation enrichment studies were conducted on gravity tailings with a gold content of 2.4 g/t according to the method of the planned experiment, a fractional replica of the four-factor experiment with variables was implemented: 1) Size of grinding in the class is smaller than 0.074 mm (X 1); 2) Consumption of the foamer T-80 (H2); 3) consumption of butyl xanthogenate (H3); 4) Consumption of copper sulfate (X 4)
The obtained results show that with an increase in the Tonina of ore grinding, the gold content in the flotation tails decreases to 0.7 g/t
Summary
Gold in ores is present in more than 20 mineral forms, but native gold is mainly of industrial importance, represented by metal particles of various sizes, composition, shape and structure with many minerals, most often with quartz, pyrite, arsenopyrite, and barite. Research on the development of technology for recovery of gold from refractory ores was made on three samples of Vasilkovskoye stockwork deposits. In this case, various combinations of the special flotation and hydrometallurgy processes are used, in particular in combination with sulfidation processes with the aim of converting minerals from the oxidized form (sulfates, carbonates) to floated sulfide. The aim of the research is the selection and justification of the combined gravityflotation method of enrichment of refractory gold-bearing raw materials and the hydro and pyrometallurgical method of processing enrichment products based on the study of the technological properties of the feedstock and enrichment products
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