Abstract
The study deals with the floristic diversity assessment and vegetation composition analysis in various forest types from Hosur Forest division situated in Eastern Ghats of Southern India, in the state of Tamil Nadu. The study recorded 468 species of plants belonging to 283 genera and 91 families, including Angiosperms (464 species), Pteridophytes (3 species) and Bryophytes (1 species). Of the total, 94 species are trees, 12 are lianas, 70 are shrubs, 34 species are climbers, 194 species are herbs, sedges 7, grasses 21, ferns 3 and 1 species of moss. The five most abundant families in Hosur Forest Division were Fabaceae (45 spp.), Poaceae (34 spp.), Acanthaceae (30 spp.), Euphorbiaceae (28 spp.) and Rubiaceae (25 spp.). The quantitative features such as density and important value index (IVI) varied greatly among forest and in different forest types. In the present study, the diversity index of shrubs and herbs were found to be higher than that of trees. The maximum species diversity was recorded in Southern dry mixed deciduous forest (SDMDF) followed by Southern Thorn Forest (STF) and Southern Thorn Scrub (STS). The species diversity (H) was recorded the highest for SDMDF (5.61) followed by STF (5.18) and the lowest for STS (5.12). The presence of large number of higher girth class tree species and low number of sapling and seedling indicates that the present forests investigated are old and exhibiting low regeneration.
Highlights
Forests provide the basic life support system to all the living entities of mother nature, including mankind; these ecosystems provide fresh air, water resources, fertile soil, biodiversity and environment
(16) species are Endemic to Southern India; and 01 Data deficient for the division
As far as CR/EN/DD taxa concerned, only few individuals (3 Nos.) of Decalepis hamiltonii were noticed in one plot
Summary
Forests provide the basic life support system to all the living entities of mother nature, including mankind; these ecosystems provide fresh air, water resources, fertile soil, biodiversity and environment. Vast sections of rural society, including a majority of the tribal groups, are directly reliant on forests for their livelihood. Forest degradation will have adverse impact on these life supporting systems. It is known that for the biodiversity conservation in the state of Tamil. Nadu the protected areas account only 4.2% of its total geographical areas, against the national average of 4.82%. Network) in the state to achieve the target and will help to conserve biological diversity for future. India is a signatory to three international conventions namely Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), the Convention on Wetlands of International Importance (Ramsar Convention) and the United Nations Framework
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