Abstract
Knowledge of the reproductive biology of a species is fundamental in order to develop an efficient program of genetic improvement by hybridization. The viability of the pollen, anther dehiscence, receptivity of the stigma and the anthesis of 12 improved lines of Habanero pepper were studied to develop a cross-breeding program. Among the results, the greatest number of flowers in anthesis was quantified at 8:00 a.m. for most genotypes. The dehiscence of the anther differed significantly in stages evaluated, observing in flower buds 100% of the closed anthers. The receptivity was positive in all the stages evaluated (before, during and after anthesis) and in all the genotypes, the most outstanding being the genotype AKN-08, which presented 100% of receptivity in the three stages evaluated. The viability of the pollen varied among the different conservation times evaluated (0, 24 and 48 h) while the highest percentage of viability (80%) and the largest number of seeds per fruit (56) were obtained when recently collected pollen was used (0 time). These results will have an important repercussion on the improvement of the Habanero pepper by increasing the efficiency of the programs to obtain hybrids and/or improved varieties.
Highlights
IntroductionHybridization is a strategy of genetic improvement, which allows the transfer of genes of interest among species (interspecific) or within the same species (intraspecific) in order to develop genetically superior genotypes
Hybridization is a strategy of genetic improvement, which allows the transfer of genes of interest among species or within the same species in order to develop genetically superior genotypes
In a similar establish that this is the moment of the day in which their pollen should be collected, when these study by Aleemullah et al [18] which analyzed the phenology of Capsicum annuum flowering, it was genotypes are used as masculine progenitors, within a cross-breeding program
Summary
Hybridization is a strategy of genetic improvement, which allows the transfer of genes of interest among species (interspecific) or within the same species (intraspecific) in order to develop genetically superior genotypes. The knowledge of reproductive biology is based on the floral structure of a species and it is this which determines the nature of its reproductive process. The most important advances obtained in the genetic improvement of plants are associated with the knowledge of their reproductive system, through studies relating to the anthesis, the viability of the pollen and the receptivity of the stigma, among others [1,2,3,4]. A number of studies have been carried out on the floral biology, which include the morphological and reproductive characteristics of genotypes of Acerola (Malpighia emarginata) revised by Gomes et al [3]. The viability of the pollen and cross-compatibility among various species of Capsicum has been examined [7]. In the case of Capsicum eximium, the interaction between the pollen and the pistil has been studied by Onus [8]
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