Abstract
Floor area density and land uses are two fundamental parameters of a city's master plan. Both affect the spatial and temporal distribution of the cooling demand in a district. This work studies how floor area density and land use impact the efficiency of district cooling systems in high-density cities and quantifies the impact using five cost indicators. We use the street layout plan of a district of downtown Singapore to generate hundreds of designs by varying density and land uses using Rhino/Grasshopper and the quasi-Monte Carlo Saltelli sampler. Five independent input variables are used for the sampling. The three land uses featured are residential, office, and retail. We assess the cost performance of the district cooling systems for each sample using an urban energy simulation program tool, the City Energy Analyst (CEA). To identify the effects of each design variable on the capital and operational costs of district cooling systems, we perform the Sobol' sensitivity analysis. We find that the district land use ratio is the most dominant parameter, followed by the spatial distribution of density, whereas the spatial distribution of land uses has less influence. Urban planners and designers may use the results of this study of floor area density and land use when designing districts of high-density cities serviced by district cooling systems.
Highlights
The design of floor area density and land uses is of great importance in urban planning and design for their impacts on such urban qualities as mobility (Liu et al, 2020), renewable energy use (Shi, Fonseca et al, 2020), and thermal comfort (Das et al, 2020)
We find that the district land use ratio is the most dominant parameter, followed by the spatial distribution of density, whereas the spatial distribution of land uses has less influence
This work investigates the interdependencies between floor area density, land uses, and the efficiency of district cooling systems in highdensity cities, using downtown Singapore as an example
Summary
The design of floor area density and land uses is of great importance in urban planning and design for their impacts on such urban qualities as mobility (Liu et al, 2020), renewable energy use (Shi, Fonseca et al, 2020), and thermal comfort (Das et al, 2020). They define the gross floor area and building functions of any given block. Active measures focus on adjusting the urban design parameters to improve the Performance indicators
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
