Abstract
Surat city, the commercial capital of Gujarat state, India is situated at latitude 21°06’ to 21°15’ N and longitude 72°45' to 72°54'E on the bank of river Tapi and is affected by flood once in every five years since last hundred years. Present study describes the application of HEC-RAS model with integration of GIS for delineation of flood plain. Digital Elevation Model (DEM) of Surat city is used as main input for flood inundation mapping. River section near Nehru Bridge is used as sample case to simulate flood flow. Discharges equal to food return period for 25 and 32 (worst flood year) have been used for investigation of flood scenario. Outcome of the research clearly indicates that most of the area of the Surat city is submerged for a depth of 2.5 to 4.0 m when the discharge released from Ukai dam equals to return period of 32 years (25768.09 Cumecs).
Highlights
Flood is one of the serious natural hazards in the world
This study has clearly shown that integration of GIS techniques and application of HEC-RAS are vital to geospatial analysis of Surat city within Lower Tapi Basin (LTB) for flood delineation
By using capabilities of the HEC-RAS, several river cross sections have been identified which can not contain discharge that is likely to come for return period of 25 years
Summary
Flood is one of the serious natural hazards in the world. Storms and floods are the most destructive of natural disasters and cause the greatest number of deaths [1]. Drainage congestion, imperviousness of ground surface, and bank erosion are primarily responsible for causing flooding [2]. In India about 400,000 square kilometres of land is flood prone, which is about 12% of the total geographical area of 3,280,000 square kilometres. About 120,000 square kilometres of the flood-prone land has been provided with some reasonable protection against floods by providing flood embankments, drainage channels, etc. Various hydraulic parameters like velocity, slope and others like channel roughness are the most important because they are highly variable as they depend on factors like channel irregularities and alignment, surface roughness, vegetation cover [4]. Obstruction in river, changes in shape and size of river along with its length, sedimentation, bed
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