Abstract
This study was implemented to identify the specific factors that lead to major contribution of floods in Klang River Basin. A thirty-year (1987-2017) database obtained from Department of Irrigation and Drainage (DID), the selected data was analyzed by using integrated Chemometric techniques. The finding from Correlation Analysis revealed strong correlation between stream flow and water level is more than 0.5 (= 0.799). The finding from Principal Component Analysis proved that the selected parameters were significant with the result of R2 > 0.7was applied as a main tool for further analysis. Based on the result, it revealed that stream flow and water level were the most significant hydrological factor that influenced flood risk pattern in Klang River basin. Based on the result from Statistical Process control (SPC), the finding showed that the Upper Control Limit (UCL) for water level was 30.290m. The plotted data which is more than 30.290 m can cause flood to occur in Klang River Basin. Thus, it is very important to continuously monitor and maintain the mitigation measure of flood in the study area to avoid flood to occur. This study also helps to provide visualization of flood pattern and show the optimal rates for the maximum limit for flood control in Klang River Basin.
Highlights
Flood has been categorized in three types which are monsoonal flood, high tides and flash floods [1]
This study examines the Klang river basin that flows through the capital city, Kuala Lumpur and the suburban area of the heavily populated and highly industrialized Klang Valley
Flash flood can be happened by natural causes such as local weather known as linesqualls and non-natural causes such as inefficient urban drainage system and an increase in urban built-up areas. [5, 6] Due to the geographical changes and the increasing population, a lot of people in the city areas are exposed to the flood disaster
Summary
Flood has been categorized in three types which are monsoonal flood, high tides and flash floods [1]. This study examines the Klang river basin that flows through the capital city, Kuala Lumpur and the suburban area of the heavily populated and highly industrialized Klang Valley. Since independence in 1957, the economy in Malaysia has undergone rapid structural and development especially in Klang Valley that increase the growth of urbanization. The urban growth is vigorously developed that contribute to the rapid economic growth industrialization that lead to the high needs of improvement of facilities such as electricity, water supply, transportation, environment and drainage [3, 4]. In 2000, about 2.5 million Malaysian lived on the flood plain This shows that many people have always interested to live at the city, and most of the Malaysian urban places have experienced revolutionary growth since 1957. Most flash floods that occur in Malaysia’s Klang Valley are the outcome of these factors
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